Computer-aided diagnosis is a research field and methodological approach focused on the development and application of computational systems to assist medical professionals in the interpretation of medical images and clinical data for the detection, characterization, and classification of diseases. This discipline investigates the integration of algorithms, machine learning, and artificial intelligence techniques to enhance diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and reproducibility by providing objective analyses and supplementary insights. Its significance lies in its capacity to augment human diagnostic capabilities, potentially leading to earlier detection and improved patient outcomes.