1994 · 80 citations · 14 references
Natural SciencesBioengineeringBiomedical Engineering3D ModelingBiomechanicsPhysiological Systems Modeling3D AnimationAging BiomechanicsFacial ExpressionModeling For AnimationShape DeformationViscoplastic Behavior3D Skin ModelsFacial AnimationFacial Expression AnimationPlastic Deformation SimulationSkin MechanicsSkin Surface TopographySoft Body SimulationSoft Tissue Simulation
A model is described to simulate expressive wrinkles in 3D facial animation and skin aging. A plastic-visco-elastic skin surface is defined that can slide over an underlying layer. This layer constrains the skin surface by the spring force that simulates the connective fat tissue between skin and muscles. Muscle masks are constructed to characterize the muscular contractions that offer the tension to the skin and provide the facial movement. By choosing proper parameters for this physically based model, wrinkles in facial animation and skin aging are simulated through the elastic process assembled with visco and plastic units.
14
Demetri Terzopoulos, John Platt, Alan H. Barr et al. · 1987 · 1.7K citations
Demetri Terzopoulos, John Platt, Alan H. Barr et al. · ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics · 1987 · 1.1K citations · Full text
A muscle model for animation three-dimensional facial expression
Keith Waters · 1987 · 742 citations · Full text
Architecture, Anatomy, 3D Modeling +16