IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · 2009 · 51 citations · 21 references
EngineeringComputer EngineeringElectrical EngineeringAnalog ElectronicsDigital CommunicationMicroelectronicsCmos Circuit DesignDigital Integrated CircuitsDigital Signal ProcessingMixed-signal Integrated Circuit DesignModulationRadio-frequency Integrated CircuitsAnalog-digital ConversionAnalog-to-digital ConvertersCmos Analog Circuit DesignCmos OscillatorsDelay-locked LoopsModulator DesignRf Cmos DesignSoftware Defined Radio
An all-digital outphasing modulator to be used in a software-defined radio (SDR) transmitter is presented. A digitally-controlled oscillator (DCO) followed by two digital phase rotators (DPR) are the main building blocks. The DCO and DPRs are enclosed, respectively, by a phase-locked loop and two delay-locked loop. All functions, including filtering and calibration are performed in a digital signal processor (DSP). The chip was fabricated in a 90 nm CMOS process and tested for GSM and WCDMA. The total active area of the chip is 3 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Semi-analog blocks (DCO core, DPR core and their buffers) and digital processor consume 30 mA and 25 mA, respectively. Current consumption of the phase-to-digital converter is 70 mA, which can be reduced to 30% by gating off the circuit during idle times.
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High Power Outphasing Modulation
H. Chireix · Proceedings of the IRE · 1935 · 713 citations
Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Digital Communication +5
Linear Amplification with Nonlinear Components
D.C. Cox · IRE Transactions on Communications Systems · 1974 · 529 citations