Activation of the Ubiquitin–Proteasome Pathway in the Diaphragm in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract

The present study is the first to demonstrate increased activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in COPD diaphragm. Importantly, these changes occur in patients with only mild to moderate COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage I/II).