A General Characterization for Polarimetric Scattering From Vegetation Canopies

Abstract

Current polarimetric model-based decomposition techniques are limited to specific types of vegetation because of their assumptions about the volume scattering component. In this paper, we propose a generalized probability density function based on the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> th power of a cosine-squared function. This distribution is completely characterized by two parameters; a mean orientation angle and the power of the cosine-squared function. We show that the underlying randomness of the distribution is only a function of the power of the cosine-squared function. We then derive the average covariance matrix for various different elementary scatterers showing that the result has a very simple analytical form suitable for use in model-based decomposition schemes.