The second academic revolution and the rise of entrepreneurial science

Abstract

Entrepreneurial scientists and entrepreneurial universities are reshaping the academic landscape by transforming knowledge into intellectual property. Faculty members and graduate students are learning to assess the commercial as well as the intellectual potential of their research. During the past two decades, a broad range of universities, well beyond those with traditional ties to industry, have undertaken to mine their research resources for profit. As their interest in making money from their research resources grows, universities compete in a new arena.