Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor Inhibition Induces a Resistance Mechanism via the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/HER3/AKT Signaling Pathway: Rational Basis for Cotargeting Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract

These findings indicate that hepatoma cells overcome IGF-1R inhibition through HER3 activation in an EGFR-dependent mechanism, and that HER3 represents a critical mediator in acquired resistance to anti-IGF-1R therapy. These results provide a strong rational for targeting simultaneously EGFR and IGF-1R in clinical trials for HCC].