Growth and Characterization of Cu[sub 2]ZnSnS[sub 4] Thin Films by DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering for Photovoltaic Applications

Abstract

(CZTS) thin films were grown by a dc reactive magnetron sputtering technique and characterized by studying their composition, structural, optical, and electrical properties. Raman and X-ray diffraction analyses confirm the formation of quaternary phase with strong preferential orientation along the (112) plane and the presence of minor secondary phases and . The grown CZTS film with a homogeneous morphology demonstrates an optical absorption coefficient of higher than and an optical bandgap of . All samples are p-type and exhibit high carrier concentration in the order of and low carrier mobility.