IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · 1998 · 298 citations · 11 references
EngineeringComputer EngineeringElectrical EngineeringAnalog ElectronicsDigital ImagingSensorsAnalog Integrated CircuitsCmos Circuit DesignDigital Image ProcessingImage ProcessingImage SensorsLow-noise Circuit DesignAnalog-to-digital ConversionAnalog-to-digital ConvertersCmos Image SensorsCorrelated Double SamplingDouble SamplingDynamic RangeImage Sensor TechnologyRandom Noise
A stepped reset-gate voltage technique is applied to a CMOS active pixel sensor array to increase dynamic range by 26 dB. A frame rate of 390 frames/s is achieved using column-parallel output circuits. Switched-capacitor correlated double-sampling circuits reduce fixed-pattern noise to 4.0 mV (dark). Cyclic analog-to-digital converters achieve approximately 9-b accuracy. At 30 frames/s, random noise is 0.56 mV (dark), optical dynamic range is 96 dB, and power is 52 mW.
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M.F. Tompsett · Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology · 1972 · 246 citations
256×256 CMOS active pixel sensor camera-on-a-chip
Robert H. Nixon, Sabrina E. Kemeny, Bedabrata Pain et al. · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · 1996 · 161 citations