User-generated content on the internet: an examination of gratifications, civic engagement and psychological empowerment

TLDR

Civic engagement and psychological empowerment have attracted recent interest in the context of user‑generated content, yet the link between offline civic engagement, online content creation, and psychological empowerment remains underexplored. The study investigates how online content‑generation gratifications and offline civic engagement predict user‑generated content levels and shape the three facets of psychological empowerment—self‑efficacy, perceived competence, and desire for control. Results confirm that higher online content generation and active offline civic engagement strengthen psychological empowerment.

Abstract

As they relate to user-generated content on the internet, civic engagement and psychological empowerment have received significant interest in recent years. While past studies have examined online civic participation and political empowerment, the way in which civic engagement offline and content generation online are related to psychological empowerment has not been thoroughly explored. The purpose of this study is to address the roles that gratifications of content generation online (e.g. satisfying recognition needs, cognitive needs, social needs and entertainment needs) and civic engagement offline play in predicting levels of user-generated content on the internet; and how the gratifications of content generation online, civic engagement offline and user-generated content influence the three components of psychological empowerment (i.e. self-efficacy, perceived competence and desire for control). This study reasserts that psychological empowerment can be enhanced by one’s degree of content generation online and by both one’s attitude and behavior in civic engagement offline.