Antioxidant, Free Radical Scavenging, and Antimicrobial Activities of <i>Ajuga iva</i> Leaf Extracts

Abstract

The antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannin contents of Ajuga iva leaf extracts obtained with different solvent polarities were investigated. The antibacterial and antifungal proprieties were also studied using different microorganisms. The methanol extract with the highest amounts of total phenolics and flavonoids showed the highest antioxidant activities in all assays, followed by the aqueous chloroform and hexane extracts, respectively. The methanol extracts of Ajuga iva exhibited promising antibacterial and antifungal activities, indicating that Ajuga iva leaves might be used in further investigations for developing new antioxidants.