An investigation of the causal influence of trait and state anxiety on academic achievement.

Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory

Charles D. Spielberger, Richard L. Gorsuch, Robert E. Lushene · 1970 · 25.4K citations

Social Sciences, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +14

A study of anxiety and learning.

George Mandler, Seymour B. Sarason · Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology · 1952 · 1.1K citations

Education, Educational Psychology, Psychology +9

Effects of state anxiety and task difficulty on computer-assisted learning.

Harold F. O’Neil, Charles D. Spielberger, Duncan N. Hansen · Journal of Educational Psychology · 1969 · 154 citations

Education, Educational Psychology, Psychology +11

Anxiety (drive), stress, and serial-position effects in serial-verbal learning.

Charles D. Spielberger, Lou H. Smith · Journal of Experimental Psychology · 1966 · 78 citations

Social Sciences, Educational Psychology, Psychology +14

Anxiety, drive theory, and computer-assisted learning.

Charles D. Spielberger, Harold F. O’Neil, Duncan N. Hansen · PubMed · 1972 · 52 citations

Education, Educational Psychology, Psychology +9