Pull-navi

Abstract

Previous studies on navigation for walking have mainly used visual or acoustic sensations, which are not intuitive and can even be dangerous because they may block visual and auditory information from the surrounding environment. Some other studies have used tactile stimulation, which is more intuitive and less annoying, on the hand or arm to generate a pseudo-pulling force [1][2][3]. However, the devices tended to become large and heavy. Maeda [4] achieved walk navigation by using Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation, but such electrical stimulation to the head has some clinical challenges for practical daily use.