Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6 gene among Egyptian hypertensive cases

Abstract

Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease that is affected by environmental, demographic and genetic factors. This study aims to determine the frequency of the CYP2D6∗1, ∗3, ∗4 and ∗5 variants among hypertensive cases and cases with obesity and cases with cardiac complications. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples that were collected from 123 hypertensive cases and from 429 healthy non-related controls by using the Magna pure system. Genomic DNA was used to determine the frequency of CYP2D6∗1, CYP2D6∗3, CYP2D6∗4 and CYP2D6∗5 allelic variants by the application of the light cycler polymerase chain reaction (Realtime PCR) technique. Comparing cases of hypertension and controls as regard to the genotypic allelic variants of CYP2D6 gene, hypertensive cases showed a significantly higher wild genotype 1/1 compared to controls (85.4% vs. 74.8%, p = 0.01) with a lower frequency of mutant genotype 4/4 (1.6% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.008) This phenomenon was manifested among cases of subgroups with obesity that had significantly lower mutant homozygous forms than obese controls (2.3% vs. 9.5%, p 0.04) and cases with cardiac complications (88.2% vs. 74.8%, p = 0.01). CYP2D6 polymorphism is positively associated with hypertensive cardiac complications as well as hypertensive obese cases.