Increased p53 Level, Bax/Bcl-x _L Ratio, and TRAIL Receptor Expression in Human Emphysema

Abstract

These findings suggest that oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines may be involved in the elevation of p53 levels, the Bax/Bcl-x(L) ratio, and TRAIL receptor levels, new mechanisms that may be implicated in the increased alveolar cell apoptosis that occurs in emphysema.