Optics Letters · 2004 · 66 citations · 3 references
Natural SciencesMechanical EngineeringMicrofabricationOpticsPhotonicsAdaptive OpticsIntegrated OpticsLens SystemsAperture SizeFocal LengthLens Focal LengthWafer Bonding MaterialsWafer-to-wafer BondingZoomZoom Lens DesignZoom Lenses
An integrated fluidic adaptive zoom lens is demonstrated for what is believed to be the first time. A zoom lens was fabricated using an UV lithographic-galvanic-like process involving soft lithography and wafer bonding. The zooming capability of such a lens was achieved by varying the focal length instead of the distance between the lenses. A zoom ratio of greater than 2 was obtained for devices that are 8 mm thick and have a 20-mm lens diameter. Including the 30-mm image distance, the total physical length of the fluidic zoom lens was less than 43 mm. More-compact systems with a higher zoom ratio can be obtained by reduction of the aperture size.
3
Fluidic adaptive lens with high focal length tunability
Deying Zhang, Victor Lien, Yevgeny Berdichevsky et al. · Applied Physics Letters · 2003 · 239 citations
Natural Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Optics +8
High-performance fluidic adaptive lenses
Deying Zhang, Nicole Justis, Victor Lien et al. · Applied Optics · 2004 · 58 citations