Elektrokinetische untersuchungen an fasern, 2. Experimentelle untersuchungen

Abstract

Abstract An apparatus is described to measure streaming‐potentials as well as streaming‐currents at different concentrations of the solid. Zeta‐Potentials calculated according to Smoluchowski's equation can be corrected by conductance measurements using Ag/AgCl‐electrodes directly in dilute aqueous solutions containing more than 10 −3 mol/l KCl. They are in good agreement with the real dependence of zeta‐potentials from the “porosity” of the plug. For KCl concentrations smaller than 10 −3 mol/l, this correction must be done separately from measurements of streaming‐potential according to the method of Fairbrother and Mastin at higher electrolyte concentrations. Among the different porosities given by Konzeny‐Carman, Goring and Mason, Biefer and Mason , and Fairbrother and Mastin , the latter describes best the dependence of the zeta‐potential on the concentration of solid for any kind of plug. These results and the limits of the approximation method are discussed.