Effect of graphene oxide doping on superconducting properties of bulk MgB₂

TLDR

The study investigates the effect of graphene oxide doping on the structural and superconducting properties of MgB₂. Samples were synthesized by solid‑state reaction of MgB₂ with 0–10 wt % GO, sintered at ~850 °C in Ar/H₂ (9:1). X‑ray diffraction confirmed MgB₂ formation with minor MgO impurities and negligible carbon substitution, while GO doping at 1–3 wt % markedly enhanced critical current density across 0–8 T and slightly raised Hc₂ and Hirr, with Tc remaining unchanged up to 10 wt % and flux‑pinning mechanisms attributed to the introduced defects.

Abstract

In the present paper we report the effect of graphene oxide (GO) doping on the structural and superconducting properties of MgB2. Bulk polycrystalline samples have been synthesized via a solid state reaction route with compositions MgB2 + x wt% of GO (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10) by sintering at ∼850 ° C in a reducing atmosphere of Ar/H2 (9:1). The x-ray diffraction results confirm the formation of the MgB2 phase in all samples, together with traces of a MgO impurity phase. The XRD data results also show substitution of carbon for boron, but in the present case the actual amount of carbon substituting for boron is very small as compared to other carbon sources. A substantial improvement in the critical current density, Jc(H), has been observed in the entire magnetic field range (0–8 T) for samples x = 1, 2 and 3 as compared to the undoped sample. In addition to Jc(H), marginal improvements in the upper critical field (Hc2) and the irreversibility field (Hirr) have been observed for the doped samples x = 1, 2 and 3 with respect to pristine MgB2. Furthermore, a curious result of the present investigation is that there is no change in the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) up to a doping level of 10 wt%. The possible mechanisms of flux pinning and correlations between the observed superconducting properties and structural characteristics of the samples have been described and discussed in this paper.