Concepedia

Comparison of caudal vs intravenous tramadol administered either preoperatively or postoperatively for pain relief in boys

Yasemin Güneş, Murat Gündüz, H. Ünlügenç, M. Özalevli, Dilek Özcengiz

Pediatric Anesthesia · 2004 · 41 citations · 25 references

DOI

Abstract

Caudal tramadol provides better and longer lasting postoperative analgesia than i.v. tramadol. These results also suggest that preoperative caudal tramadol did not provide any clinically perceptible benefits compared with postoperative caudal tramadol.

References

25

Opioid and nonopioid components independently contribute to the mechanism of action of tramadol, an 'atypical' opioid analgesic.

Robert B. Raffa, Elmar Friderichs, Wolfgang Reimann et al. · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · 1992 · 1.2K citations

Analgesia Mediated by a Direct Spinal Action of Narcotics

Tony L. Yaksh, Thomas A. Rudy · Science · 1976 · 944 citations

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Preemptive Analgesia Clinical Evidence of Neuroplasticity Contributing to Postoperative Pain

Joel Katz, Brian P. Kavanagh, Alan N. Sandler et al. · Anesthesiology · 1992 · 492 citations · Full text

, , +20

Tramadol: pain relief by an opioid without depression of respiration

M D Vickers, D. O’Flaherty, S. M. SZEKELY et al. · Anaesthesia · 1992 · 439 citations · Full text

A Comparison Between Preincisional and Postincisional Lidocaine Infiltration and Postoperative Pain

Ellen Ejlersen, Helene Andersen, K. Eliasen et al. · Anesthesia & Analgesia · 1992 · 296 citations