Hypoglycemic Effects and Biochemical Mechanisms of Oat Products on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Abstract

Oat products are abundant in β-glucan, which could lower the glycemic index of products or foods. A low glycemic index is beneficial in the control of postprandial glycemia. The study examined the hypoglycemic effects of oat products that had the same percentage of oat β-glucan and were added into the diet fed to streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice for 6 weeks, and potential mechanisms are discussed here. Oat products significantly decreased fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein (p < 0.05), but the hypoglycemic effect was not more than that of metformin (p > 0.05). Oat products increased glycogen, hormone, and nuclear receptor levels (p < 0.05), decreased free fatty acid content and succinate dehydrogenase activity (p < 0.05), and inhibited pancreatic apoptosis (p < 0.05). The results showed oat products had hypoglycemic effects. Hypoglycemic effects of oat products might be regulating glucose and fat metabolisms, stimulating hormone secretion, activating the nuclear receptor, and protecting organ function.