Experimental observation of quantum entanglement in low-dimensional spin systems

Abstract

We report macroscopic magnetic measurements carried out in order to detect and characterize field-induced quantum entanglement in low-dimensional spin systems. We analyze the pyroborate $\mathrm{Mg}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{B}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{5}$ and the warwickite $\mathrm{Mg}\mathrm{Ti}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, systems with spin $5∕2$ and $1∕2$, respectively. By using the magnetic susceptibility as an entanglement witness we are able to quantify entanglement as a function of temperature and magnetic field. In addition, we experimentally distinguish a system exhibiting a random singlet-phase state from one with the Griffiths phase. This analysis opens the possibility of a more detailed characterization of low-dimensional materials.