One-dimensional magnetism is a field of condensed matter physics and materials science focused on investigating magnetic phenomena in systems where magnetic moments are strongly coupled predominantly along a single spatial dimension. This research area explores the fundamental properties, collective behavior, and phase transitions of such low-dimensional magnetic systems, utilizing theoretical models (such as the one-dimensional Ising model to describe interactions between neighboring spins and external fields) and studying materials ranging from insulators to metals where magnetic interactions can interplay with charge conduction. Its significance lies in providing simplified theoretical and experimental platforms for understanding fundamental magnetic interactions, testing quantum many-body theories in reduced dimensions, and identifying novel magnetic materials exhibiting unique properties.