Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Unclassified Sudden Infant Deaths: A Definitional and Diagnostic Approach

TLDR

SIDS was first defined in 1969 and revised two decades later, and over the next 15 years accumulating evidence prompted further refinement to include epidemiologic, risk factor, pathological, and ancillary test features, with future updates expected. An expert panel of pediatric and forensic pathologists and pediatricians devised a new general SIDS definition for administrative and vital statistics purposes, stratified it for research, and added an unclassified sudden infant death category for cases not meeting SIDS criteria and lacking clear alternative diagnoses.

Abstract

The definition of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) originally appeared in 1969 and was modified 2 decades later. During the following 15 years, an enormous amount of additional information has emerged, justifying additional refinement of the definition of SIDS to incorporate epidemiologic features, risk factors, pathologic features, and ancillary test findings. An expert panel of pediatric and forensic pathologists and pediatricians considered these issues and developed a new general definition of SIDS for administrative and vital statistics purposes. The new definition was then stratified to facilitate research into sudden infant death. Another category, defined as unclassified sudden infant deaths, was introduced for cases that do not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of SIDS and for which alternative diagnoses of natural or unnatural conditions were equivocal. It is anticipated that these new definitions will be modified in the future to accommodate new understanding of SIDS and sudden infant death.