Elastic Fully Three‐dimensional Microstructure Scaffolds for Cell Force Measurements

Abstract

Elastic 3D scaffolds (see figure) are fabricated into a biocompatible photoresist using direct laser writing. These scaffolds can be rhythmically deformed by single beating cardiomyocytes and calibration with atomic force microscopy indicates that cellular forces down to 10–20 nN are detectable with the setup. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.