Working Memory, Fluid Intelligence, and Attention Are Predictors of Multitasking Performance, but Polychronicity and Extraversion Are Not

TLDR

Attention and working memory are widely considered predictors of multitasking ability, and fluid intelligence, polychronicity, and extraversion have also been proposed as potential predictors. The study examined which cognitive traits predict multitasking performance. Multitasking was assessed using the SIMKAP scenario with 122 participants. Hierarchical regression revealed working memory as the strongest predictor, with attention and fluid intelligence also contributing, while polychronicity and extraversion were not significant.

Abstract

This study explored predictors of multitasking performance. Based on cognitive psychology research, attention and working memory were assumed to be predictors. Fluid intelligence, polychronicity (as the preference for multitasking and the belief that their preference is the best way to handle things), and Extraversion were argued to be additional predictors. Multitasking performance was measured with the scenario "Simultaneous capacity/Multi-tasking (SIMKAP)" (n = 122). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that working memory was the most important predictor in addition to attention and fluid intelligence. The latter two constructs contributed significantly to the explained variance, but to a lesser extent. Polychronicity was not a significant predictor, nor was Extraversion. Implications for personnel selection and for time management are discussed.