One-dimensional and zero-dimensional electron systems on liquid helium (Review)

Abstract

A review of the experimental and theoretical research on one-dimensional and zero-dimensional electron systems localized near a liquid helium surface is given. The properties of the electronic states on a flat liquid helium surface, including the surface of thin helium layers, are briefly considered. Ways of realizing one-dimensional and zero-dimensional electron systems and the results of experimental and theoretical studies of their properties are discussed. Experiments on the investigation of localization processes in quasi-one-dimensional electron systems are described. Collective effects in systems of this kind are considered, and the possibilities for the use of low-dimensional electron systems on the surface of liquid helium for creating electronic devices and quantum computers are explored.