Association of Maternal Nutritional Status, Body Composition and Socio-economic Variables with Low Birth Weight in India

Abstract

The present cross-sectional study examines the association of maternal nutritional status, body composition and socio-economic status with newborn low birth weight (LBW). It was conducted on 503 mothers and their singleton newborns in an urban hospital in Siliguri, West Bengal, India. The maternal anthropometric measurements (weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference and triceps skinfold), socio-economic variables (education, household income, occupation and birth order) and newborn birth weight were recorded. The average birth weight was 2.746 (+/-0.40) kg and 17.30% of the newborns had LBW. The multinomial regression analysis showed maternal age, height, weight nutritional status, birth order and household income to have significant associations with newborn LBW. The receiver operating characteristic curve-area under curve analysis showed maternal weight and mid-upper arm circumference to be the best surrogate measures of LBW.