My program is correct but it doesn't run: a preliminary investigation of novice programmers' problems

Abstract

In this paper we describe an ongoing study of novice programmers. The aim is to record (as close as possible to) all of the problems encountered by students during the laboratory sessions of our introductory Java programming class. We discuss the tools and methods employed, in particular presenting the list of problem definitions which is used to classify students' problems. Data collected during 2003 are presented and discussed. The results are consistent with trends noted in the literature, and highlight the significance of both fundamental design issues and the procedural aspects of programming. Different problem distributions are observed for high and low performing students. An analysis of individual lab sessions can be useful for refining course materials and teaching practice.