Tuberculosis prevention is a multidisciplinary field of research and public health practice focused on identifying, developing, evaluating, and implementing strategies and interventions to interrupt the transmission of *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* and prevent the progression from latent infection to active disease. As an academic concept and methodological approach, it investigates the epidemiological patterns of TB, key risk factors, the efficacy and effectiveness of biomedical interventions (such as vaccines and prophylactic treatments) and public health measures (like infection control and screening), and the social, behavioural, and programmatic factors influencing prevention outcomes. Its significance lies in its critical role in reducing the global incidence and burden of tuberculosis, thereby improving population health outcomes.