Plasma confinement is a fundamental concept and research field in plasma physics and fusion science, defined as the process of maintaining a high-temperature, ionized gas within a restricted volume for a sufficient duration to enable specific physical processes. This domain investigates the physical principles and engineering techniques, such as magnetic fields or inertial forces, required to counteract the plasma's inherent tendency to expand and lose energy, which is critically significant for achieving conditions necessary for sustained nuclear fusion reactions and other high-energy density plasma applications.