Neonatal resuscitation is a critical medical intervention and a field of study focused on providing immediate physiological support to newborns experiencing respiratory or circulatory compromise at birth, primarily aimed at establishing effective ventilation and circulation. This academic concept encompasses the systematic investigation of identification criteria for compromised newborns, the development and evaluation of evidence-based intervention strategies (including airway management and ventilation techniques), the necessary equipment, and the optimization of standardized protocols for timely and effective implementation. Its significance lies in its crucial role in reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality associated with perinatal conditions by ensuring rapid and appropriate physiological support.