Laser processing (laser material processing) is a manufacturing and materials engineering methodology that utilizes focused laser beams as a tool to interact with and modify the physical, chemical, or structural properties of materials. Situated within the broader fields of optical systems and integrated into manufacturing systems, this technique leverages the precise delivery of energy from a laser source to induce highly localized thermal, photochemical, or photophysical effects on various substrates, including metals, polymers, ceramics, composites, and potentially optoelectronic materials. The processes enabled by laser processing are diverse and include cutting, welding, drilling, surface texturing, annealing, ablation, and additive manufacturing. Its academic and industrial significance stems from its capacity for non-contact operation, high precision, minimal heat-affected zones, rapid processing speeds, and adaptability to complex geometries and micro-scale features, making it critical for advanced fabrication across numerous technological sectors.