Indigenous governance is a research field and academic concept centered on understanding the political systems, institutions, laws, and decision-making processes developed and practiced by Indigenous peoples globally. This field investigates the historical and contemporary exercise of inherent self-determination, examining the diverse forms of authority and social organization shaped by distinct cultures, traditions, and relationships with land, alongside the resilience and adaptation of these systems in response to external pressures. Its significance lies in recognizing and analyzing the mechanisms through which Indigenous communities maintain order, manage resources, resolve disputes, and pursue collective well-being, serving as a crucial framework for studies of Indigenous sovereignty, decolonization, and effective self-determination.