Contextual psychology is an academic field and methodological approach that posits psychological phenomena are fundamentally shaped by and inseparable from their environmental, social, and historical contexts. It investigates the dynamic, reciprocal interactions between individuals and their situated environments, emphasizing functional relations and context-dependence over decontextualized internal structures. Its significance lies in offering a comprehensive framework for understanding the complexity, variability, and situated nature of human behavior and experience across diverse settings.