Clinical monitoring is a systematic methodological approach within clinical research focused on overseeing the progress of a clinical trial, ensuring it is conducted, recorded, and reported in accordance with the protocol, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), Good Clinical Practice (GCP), and applicable regulatory requirements. This process investigates adherence to trial procedures, verifies the accuracy and completeness of collected data against source documents, and safeguards the rights, safety, and well-being of study participants, thereby ensuring the scientific integrity and reliability of trial results.