Cell migration is a fundamental biological process involving the directed movement of individual cells or groups of cells, studied as a core concept across cell biology, developmental biology, and biomedical research. This field investigates the complex molecular and mechanical mechanisms driving cellular locomotion, its spatial and temporal regulation by internal programs and external stimuli, and its essential functions in physiological processes such as morphogenesis, tissue homeostasis, and immune responses, alongside its critical involvement in pathological conditions like inflammation and cancer metastasis.