Aerospace engineering is an engineering discipline focused on the design, development, testing, and production of aircraft and spacecraft, integrating principles from physics, mathematics, and various engineering fields, including mechanical, electrical, and materials engineering, along with specialized areas such as aerodynamics, propulsion, and structural analysis. The field is broadly divided into aeronautical engineering (atmospheric flight) and astronautical engineering (space flight), focusing on vehicles operating within and beyond Earth's atmosphere and driving innovation in related technologies.