1b:I[76749,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 1c:I[3486,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 1d:I[41892,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 1e:I[17707,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 1f:I[66528,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 20:I[63176,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 21:I[87099,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 22:I[26200,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"Group"] 23:I[23365,["/_next/static/chunks/0383663887945ae7.js","/_next/static/chunks/df7e62179e4ae938.js","/_next/static/chunks/acf71181277ecf85.js","/_next/static/chunks/63561dcd578bd4db.js","/_next/static/chunks/5bf36002c846d2d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/b24fef6e58c9b2f5.js","/_next/static/chunks/ea1fda2cc52e974e.js"],"default"] 24:T4f4,Tin oxide (SnO₂) is widely used as an inorganic electron transport layer (ETL) for rigid and flexible perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, an extract of snail shell, the sodium salt of polyaspartic acid (S-PASP), a water-soluble polypeptide polymer, has been used to multifunctionally regulate SnO₂ nanograins. S-PASP has a strong chelating and dispersing effect; thus, chemically adsorbed SnO₂ can inhibit agglomeration. The S-PASP:SnO₂ ETL also improved the extraction and transferability of carriers, reducing body defects and interfacial charge. Moreover, the S-PASP:SnO₂ ETL promotes the vertical growth of the perovskite crystals due to its bottom-up morphology, wettability, and strain release, which is conducive to improving the photoelectric performance of the device. The optimized rigid device prepared under open-air conditions obtained a PCE of 20.92%. In addition, due to the stress compensation of the S-PASP long chain, which prevented the cracking and displacement of the ETL, the optimal PCE of the flexible device was 17.96%, and the initial efficiency was maintained at 82.8% after

Zhipeng Liu

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