21:I[432972,["/_next/static/chunks/bb923814e1f4d2e9.js","/_next/static/chunks/dd3ee9f5b7716ca6.js","/_next/static/chunks/4204a0ae82542ca8.js","/_next/static/chunks/1270dead247da766.js","/_next/static/chunks/6e1aa89a642f40be.js","/_next/static/chunks/2d7aa753e81324a8.js","/_next/static/chunks/8ffd0b71567920d8.js","/_next/static/chunks/67ea6dfd21f16c5f.js","/_next/static/chunks/24eb4379f68013fd.js","/_next/static/chunks/b8cd775ffdf935bd.js","/_next/static/chunks/983103cd9eb7b428.js","/_next/static/chunks/263f2cdcb9aa2341.js","/_next/static/chunks/294b9525248c8e5f.js"],"default"] 22:T4f8,Main components of Apios americana leaves extract (ALE) were flavonoid C-glycosides, including vitexin (46.7%), schaftoside (18.9%), and orientin (4.32%). In vitro, ALE restored glucose consumption, glucose uptake, and glycogen content in glucose-induced hepatic cells. Exposure of HepG2 cells to high glucose resulted in reactive oxygen species and O₂^- accumulation, while ALE alleviated these increases by 47 ± 0.68 and 68 ± 0.74%, respectively. Glucose increased c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and decreased extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and p38 phosphorylation, while ALE reduced p-JNK and p-p38 but not p-ERK1/2, accompanied by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1, and NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase 1 downregulation. In vivo, the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans was more violently shortened by paraquat under hyperglycemia, while ALE protected this damage in N2 worms (2.6 times extension) but not in daf-16 mutants. Furthermore, p38/PMK-1 and Nrf2/SKN-1 expressions in worms were suppressed by glucose, which were reversed by ALE treatment. These results suggest that ALE prevents glucose-induced damage via regulating specific mitogen-activated protein kinases and Nrf2 pathways.23:T46c,Tetrastigma hemsleyanum is traditionally used as a folk medicine and functional food in China. Its extracts have been confirmed to have many bioactivities. However, the effect of extracting temperature on its bioactivity has not been reported. In this research, the total flavonoids content (TFC), total polyphenol content (TPC), antiproliferative, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extracts and water extracts (extracted at 55, 70, 85, and 100°C) were observed. The results indicated that ethanol extracts showed better antioxidant activity with DPPH EC₅₀ of 504.1 ± 3.8 μg/ml and ABTS EC₅₀ of 851.4 ± 3.9 μg/ml. A better antiproliferative activity on HepG2, PC12, Caco-2, and Hela cells was observed on ethanol extracts. The results of anti-inflammatory activities also indicated that all of the extracts can reduce the NO production of LPS-stimulated macrophage with dose-independent manner. In summary, the results showed that the antiproliferative, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of water extracts decreased with the increasing temperature to some extent.

#	Concept	H-Index	Publications	Citations
1	Medicine	4	4	202
2	Pharmacology	4	4	202
3	Cell Biology	2	2	74
4	Immunology	2	2	128
5	Allergy	1	1	48

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