Cowpea as a key factor for a new approach to integrated crop–livestock systems research in the dry savannas of West Africa

Abstract

Agriculture in the dry savannas is intensifying in response to increasing populations
\nof humans and livestock. As a result, increased productivity demands are placed
\nupon integrated crop–livestock systems and more emphasis is on the roles of
\nlegumes such as cowpea. Cowpea has the potential to function as a key integrating
\nfactor in intensifying systems through supplying protein in the human diet, and
\nfodder for livestock, and bringing nitrogen into the farming system through nitrogen
\nfi xation. This paper describes the development and evaluation of integrated
\n“best-bet” options which maximize the benefi ts of cowpea and addresses aspects
\nof improved crop varieties, crop and livestock management, nutrient cycling, and
\nsoil fertility. The approach used includes a multicenter, multidisciplinary approach
\nto working with farmers which combines complementary strengths of previous
\ncomponent research involving crops and livestock by key international and national
\nresearch institutions in the region.