Mangrove ecosystems of the Indian Ocean region

Abstract

Covering about 47 % of world’s mangrove area, containing 85 % of world’s mangrove species, and occurring in a variety of habitats, the mangrove ecosystem plays a vital role in coastal biodiversity of 30 countries bordering the Indian Ocean. This ecosystem supports a rich species diversity of flora and fauna, but it is facing heavy human pressures and natural stresses, leading to a loss in biodiversity. This calls for urgent measures of conservation and management.