2004 · 165 citations · 1 references
EngineeringElectrical EngineeringDigital CommunicationDigital Signal ProcessingDistortion AnalysisError Control CodingModulationRate-distortion TheoryDistortion MeasurementDistortion MeasuresModulation Techniques
Abstract: We present a normalization that facilitates calculation of error vector magnitude (EVM) from measurements. We derive the definition of EVM for a common industry standard from a more basic equation. We compare EVM for various modulation types for a given average symbol power under simple distortion conditions.
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S. Forestier, P. Bouysse, Raymond Quéré et al. · IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques · 2004 · 76 citations