The Experiences of Nurses as First Responders to Disaster: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the experiences of nurses who were the first to respond to the disaster, using a descriptive qualitative design. The sample consisted of 22 nurses who were nurses in the earthquake-affected provinces of Turkey or who were on assignment in the region after the disaster. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews and analyzed using content analysis. The findings are categorized into four main themes: the assignment process, practical challenges, psychosocial challenges, and positive experiences. Under the assignment process, sub-themes of voluntary and non-voluntary assignment are identified. Practical challenges include ineffective crisis management, communication and coordination issues, lack of medical materials and equipment, difficulty working in tents, triage challenges, lack of personal hygiene, and nurses' lack of knowledge and skills. Psychosocial challenges encompass emotional burden, feelings of inadequacy, safety concerns, and the challenges of post-disaster recovery. Finally, positive experiences are reflected in the sub-themes of professional satisfaction and team support. The findings emphasize the need for disaster preparedness in health systems to enhance nurses' response capabilities and recommend that policymakers develop effective disaster management strategies.