An updated overview on the revalorization of bioactive compounds derived from tomato production and processing by-products

Abstract

Tomatoes stand as key players in global agriculture and human nutrition, with their nutritional richness and widespread cultivation contributing significantly to both sectors. However, the surging global production of tomatoes, reaching 189 million metric tons in 2021, highlights the consequential challenges of waste management within the industry. Tomato processing, in particular, yields substantial by-products, side streams, and waste, necessitating innovative strategies for their valorization. This research endeavors to offer a contemporary perspective on the sustainability implications of harnessing bioactive compounds from tomato production and processing by-products for various applications, including functional foods, skincare products, animal supplementation, and bio-refinery processes. Despite persistent waste management challenges, recent studies showcase the viability of converting surplus tomatoes and tomato pomace into valuable products using economically feasible methods. Moreover, the recovery of bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids and phenolic compounds, from tomato by-products presents promising health benefits and avenues for sustainable resource utilization. Through the integration of waste prevention, reuse, recovery, and recycling strategies, the tomato industry can mitigate environmental impacts while enhancing economic viability. This study outlines a methodological framework for systematic literature review and analysis, revealing the transformative potential of tomato pomaces in fostering economic development and environmental protection. Knowledge dissemination, technological transfer and adoption emerge as pivotal in catalyzing the uptake of practical solutions across the value chain. By shedding light on emerging technologies in bioactive compound recovery and valorization strategies, this paper contributes to the advancement of circular economy principles and sustainable practices in the food industry. • Tomatoes are widely cultivated for their nutrients, including carotenoids, phenolics, and minerals. • Smart management of tomato processing by-products holds economic and environmental benefits. • Bio-refinery processes (e.g. dehydration) can convert tomato wastes into value-enhanced derivatives. • Innovative methods (e.g. ultrasound, microwave, supercritical CO 2 extraction) are efficient in bioactives recovery. • Incorporation of recovered compounds can serve as bioactive ingredients in cosmetic, pharmaceutic and food industry.