Effect of thermal radiation on Marangoni convective flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid with bioconvection and local thermal non-equilibrium effects

Abstract

Analyze the influence of thermal radiation on the flow of a trihybrid nanofluid across a disk using local thermal non-equilibrium effects. In the present study, the consequence of gyrotactic microorganisms and porous media are examined. The impact of Marangoni convection and convective conditions are examined in connection with mass and heat transport phenomena. utilizing a simple scientific model, the current study examines the characteristics of temperature transmission utilizing the local thermal equilibrium condition (LTNC) and the local non-equilibrium condition (LTEC). The LTNE classical approach generates two different fundamental thermal gradients for the solid and liquid phases . By increasing thermal conductivity and stability in challenging environments, this model can maximize thermal management in cooling and heat transfer technologies, such as microreactors and electronic devices. The model aids biomedical engineers in comprehending the behavior of microorganisms in complex fluid systems and has potential uses in the development of biosensors . The model can also be used in environmental engineering to study pollution dispersion and energy systems to increase heat exchanger efficiency. The derived equations are numerically resolved using the bvp4c method. Furthermore, it has been discovered that an increase in the interphase heat transmission factor improves the rate of heat transmission in both the solid and liquid states .