Review of Ti₃C₂T_<i>x</i> MXene Nanosheets and their Applications

Abstract

MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x is a two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet material from the MXene family formed by selective etching of aluminum atoms in ternary carbide Ti 3 AlC 2 sheet. This selective etching process results in a 2D nanosheet with titanium and fluorine atoms on the surface. MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x has several attractive properties for various applications, such as excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical properties with good chemical stability. MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x also has a large surface area and can be easily functionalized by introducing different chemical groups onto its surface. Some notable applications of MXene include supercapacitors and batteries owing to its high electrical conductivity and large surface area. MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x has also been explored as a catalyst for various reactions, including hydrogen evolution and CO 2 reduction. The main emphasis of this review is centered around exploring the electrical, magnetic, and optical characteristics of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXenes. Additionally, it provides a concise overview of the different approaches used for synthesizing these materials, specifically the top-down and bottom-up methods. Furthermore, the review thoroughly examines the significant applications of MXenes across multiple fields, encompassing biology, water remediation, sensors, catalysis, energy storage, and membrane separation, wearable electronics. This review considers the challenges that arise when working with MXenes and offers insights into potential future directions and perspectives in the field. Overall, MXene Ti 3 C 2 T x is a promising 2D nanosheet material with a widespread application in various fields, and research into its properties and applications is ongoing.