Temperature-Induced Reversible Photoluminescence Switching and Ultraviolet-Pumped Light-Emitting Diode Applications of a Perovskite (C₆H₁₀N₂)₂MnCl₆·2H₂O Crystal

Abstract

Zero-dimensional (0D) organic-inorganic hybrid halides present many fascinating photophysical properties for promising optoelectronic applications such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), X-ray imaging, photodetectors, and anticounterfeiting. Herein, a centimeter-sized single crystal (C₆H₁₀N₂)₂MnCl₆·2H₂O with a 0D perovskite structure was obtained via a solvent evaporation method. A bright red emission at 618 nm with a larger Stokes shift of more than 300 nm and a long fluorescence lifetime of 6.21 ms were measured. Notably, a reversible PL switching from red emission to nonluminescence has been presented in the cycles of heating-cooling processes from RT to 100 °C. Furthermore, the temperature-induced luminescence shows a quick recovery after 20 conversion cycles, exhibiting excellent stability and temperature sensing. According to the structural and theoretical analyses, the temperature-induced luminescence is primarily due to hydrogen-bonding interactions between (MnCl₆)^4- and H₂O molecules. Particularly, a temperature anticounterfeiting application has been designed based on its reversible temperature-dependent PL switching. Importantly, the ultraviolet-pumped LEDs fabricated by (C₆H₁₀N₂)₂MnCl₆·2H₂O single crystals are perfectly achieved. Anyway, this work clearly demonstrates that 0D Mn-based perovskite with temperature-dependent PL switching greatly extends its potential applications in electro-optical display, temperature sensing, and anticounterfeiting devices.