Role of strange quarks in the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:math>-term and cosmological constant term of the proton

Abstract

We investigate the mechanics of the proton by examining the flavor-decomposed proton cosmological constants and generalized vector form factors. The interplay of up, down, and strange quarks within the proton is explored, shedding light on its internal structure. The contributions of strange quarks play a crucial role in the $D$-term and cosmological constants. We find that the flavor blindness of the isovector $D$-term form factor is only valid in flavor SU(3) symmetry.