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Glycyrrhizin prevents 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity by downregulating HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB p65 signaling, and attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in rats

Inflammation3-Nitropropionic Acid-induced NeurotoxicityHmgb1/tlr4/nf-κb P65 SignalingMedicineApoptosisImmunologyCell DeathNeuroprotectionImmune FunctionMetabolic SignalingPharmacologyOxidative StressMolecular Signaling