Recovery of dyes and salts from highly concentrated (dye and salt) mixed water using nano-filtration ceramic membranes

Abstract

(<25%). Consequently, the operation parameters (TMP, temperature) and solution environment (solution pH, salt concentration and dye concentration) have been intensively evaluated for separation efficiency in the NF ceramic membrane process. Significantly, the NF ceramic membrane has performed less rejection to chloride ions than sulphate ions due to the Donnan effect. Solution pH, concentration of salt and dye concentration have shown significant effects on ceramic membrane separation performance. In addition, pollutant removals were achieved with noteworthy values for the chemical oxygen demand for permeate solution also color difference between concentrate and permeate. In conclusion, the strong rejection of dyes by the NF ceramic membranes proves that it can be suitable alternatives for textile wastewater treatment process.